For teachers and students of English

domingo, 10 de diciembre de 2017

PHRASAL VERBS


PHRASAL VERBS

Definition
A phrasal verb is a VERB+PREPOSITION/ADVERB combination.
It is very common to place prepositions or adverbs after certain verbs so as to obtain a variety of meanings.

examples:
give away - give to someone / anyone
give up - abandon (a habit or attempt)
look after - search for, seek
look out - beware / be careful

Whether a preposition or adverb is used is not important.  What is important is to understand the phrasal verb as a complete expression.

1. Multiple meanings
It is possible for a phrasal verb to have more than one meaning.
eg. take off (remove or rise from the ground)

- He took off his coat.
- The plane took off half an hour late.

2. Transitive or Intransitive Verbs

Transitive verbs require an object.  
eg. I am looking for my wallet.

Intransitive verbs cannot have an object.
eg.  Look out!  You're going to fall!

3. Transitive expressions
Noun objects are usually placed at the end of these expressions.

eg. He took off his coat.

However, with some expressions, they can also be placed immediately after the verb.

eg.  He took his coat off.

4. Pronoun Objects
Pronoun objects can sometimes be placed at the end of an expression.

eg.  We are looking for them.

It is, however, more common for them to be placed after the verb.

eg.  He took it off.

This position is usual before the following short words: 
up, down, in, out, away, off and on (except when used in the expression call on - visit).

eg.  I'll give away these toys.  I'll give them away.

5. Verb Objects

When these expressions are followed by a Verb Object and preceded by a preposition, the gerund form of the verb is used.


eg.  He kept on whistling loudly.


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